How to Load a Shotgun: A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners
Shotguns are popular firearms used for various purposes, such as hunting, clay shooting (trap, skeet, sporting clays, 3-gun), and home defense. Understanding how to load a shotgun safely and effectively is a fundamental skill for any responsible gun owner or enthusiast. In this article, we will walk you through the step-by-step process of properly loading and unloading three common shotgun types: the break-action, pump-action, and semi-automatic shotguns. Learn about the different types of shotguns here.
In this video, Top Shot Champion Chris Cheng demonstrates how to load a shotgun properly. Both firearm instructors and experienced shooters are encouraged to watch and share these tips with newcomers to the shooting sports.
Also, check out Chris’ new book, “Shoot to Win: Tips, Tactics and Techniques to Help You Shoot Like a Pro,” available at http://www.topshotchris.com/
Before Loading Remember Safety First
- Always keep the shotgun pointed in a safe direction.
- Engage the safety.
- Keep your finger off the trigger while loading.
Break-Action Shotgun Loading
Loading the Break-Action Shotgun
- Open the shotgun by swinging the break-action lever to one side.
- Insert the shells, one at a time, into the open chambers. The break-action shotgun typically has two barrels: one on top and one on the bottom.
- Close the shotgun securely by swinging the break-action lever back into place.
- Your break-action shotgun is now loaded and ready to be used.
Unloading the Break-Action Shotgun
- Ensure the shotgun is pointed in a safe direction.
- Swing the break-action lever to one side to open the shotgun.
- Most break-action shotguns will automatically eject the spent shells when opened. Avoid staring at the shells to prevent injury.
- With the shotgun open, visually and physically check for any remaining ammunition to confirm the gun is empty and safe.
Pump-Action Shotgun Loading
Loading the Pump-Action Shotgun
- Check that the shotgun’s chamber is empty and the action is open.
- Insert a shell into the chamber (you can simply drop it in).
- Slide the forearm forward to close the action and chamber the round.
- Insert another shell into the magazine tube under the barrel by pushing it forward until it clicks into place.
Unloading the Pump-Action Shotgun
- Engage the safety.
- Point the shotgun in a safe direction.
- Rack the action back to eject any chambered shells.
- Keep the action open to visually and physically confirm the shotgun is unloaded.
Semi-Automatic Shotgun Loading
Loading the Semi-Automatic Shotgun
- Ensure the shotgun’s chamber is empty before starting.
- Insert a shell directly into the chamber.
- Close the action, either by racking the bolt or pressing a release button, depending on the shotgun model.
- Insert additional shells into the magazine tube under the barrel.
Unloading the Semi-Automatic Shotgun
- Engage the safety.
- Point the shotgun in a safe direction.
- Rack the bolt to eject the chambered shell.
- Perform a visual and tactile inspection to verify that the shotgun is unloaded.
Learning how to properly load and unload a shotgun is an essential skill for gun owners. Remember to always prioritize safety by pointing the shotgun in a safe direction, engaging the safety, and keeping your finger off the trigger until you’re ready to shoot. Practice loading and unloading your shotgun regularly to become comfortable and proficient with this crucial aspect of firearm handling. Responsible gun ownership and firearm safety are essential for everyone who handles a shotgun or any other firearm. Learn about the shotgun sports here.